Uburyo bwo Kurandura Ukwanduzwa kw'Amavuta Ukoresheje Compressor Zidafite Amavuta za CO₂

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukoresha amavuta mu buryo bwumye rikuraho uburyo amavuta atwarwa n’amazi ndetse n’ubwandu bw’amavuta aho aturuka. Ugera ku musaruro wa gaze ukomoka kuko uburyo bwo kuyatandukanya butuma amavuta asohoka kure y’aho aturuka. Igice cy’intera ya mekanike gitera uruzitiro rudahinduka hagati y’inyuma y’imodoka n’icyuma gikamya umuriro. Hagati aho, impeta za sintetike zikinga icyumba gikamya umuriro nta mavuta y’amazi. Iyi miterere ihagarika kwimuka kw’amavuta y’umwuka ako kanya.

Gukumira ubwandu mu buryo butaziguye bibungabunga isuku y'ibinyobwa byawe mu miyoboro y'ibinyobwa, mu gutunganya ibiribwa, no mu nganda zisukuye cyane.Kompreseri ya CO₂ ihinduranya Bikuraho uburyohe bw'ibicuruzwa, kunanirwa kw'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa filter, no kwibutsa umutekano bihenze. Ugumana uburyohe bwose mu gihe utanga gazi nziza cyane buri gihe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• · Compressor za CO₂ zidafite amavutakoresha inzitizi zidasanzwe kugira ngo ubuze burundu kwanduza amavuta yangiza aho aturuka.
• · Impeta za piston zikozwe mu buryo bwa sintetike zifunga silinda yo gukanda neza nta mavuta y'amavuta y'amazi.
• · Gusukura azote mu buryo bwiza birinda umwuka wo hanze, ubushuhe n'uduce twanduye kwinjira mu mwuka.
• · Imyuka ya karuboni idafite amavuta irinda uburyohe bw'ibinyobwa, ifuro rihoraho, n'amahame akomeye agenga umutekano w'ibiribwa.

Ubukanishi bwo gukanda bukozwe mu cyuma muri Compressor ya CO₂

Ugomba gutandukanya amavuta yo mu nganda n'amazi yawe ya gazi kugira ngo wirinde kwanduza amavuta. Compressor ya CO₂ ikora ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya mekanike kugira ngo ihagarike burundu iyimurwa ry'amavuta. Amavuta y'amazi ntiyigera yinjira mu cyumba cya silindiri. Ugenzura burundu isuku ya gazi mu gihe urinda inzira zo mu mazi.

Itandukaniro ry'igice cy'intera ifatika

Igice cy'intera ya mekanike gitera uruzitiro rufatika hagati y'agasanduku k'icyuma gakozwemo amavuta n'icyumba cyo gukanda cyumye. Iki gice cyo hagati gicumbikira inkoni ya piston igenda. Uba utandukanye burundu kuko uburebure bw'igice cy'icyuma burenze uburebure ntarengwa bwa piston.

Inkoni ya piston inyura muri uyu mwanya ufunguye muri buri gihe cyo gusimbuka. Ibice byasizwe amavuta muri crankcase biyobora igice cyo hasi cy'inkoni. Hagati aho, igice cyo hejuru gikorera mu cyuma kitagira amavuta. Igice cy'inkoni cyinjira muri crankcase nticyinjira mu gace k'umuvuduko wumye. Uku gutandukanya imiterere y'ikirere bikuraho imikoranire itaziguye hagati y'ubuso butose amavuta n'ahantu hasukuye ha gazi.

Urinda cyane ubwiza bwa gazi yawe ukoresheje impeta za mechanical scraper zishyizwe imbere mu gice cya kure. Izi scrapers zihanagura amavuta ku buso bwa piston rod. Amavuta asubira mu gisenge cy'amavuta ako kanya. Byongeye kandi, imigozi ihindura amavuta ku gice cya rod block amavuta yimuka ku ruhande rw'umugozi. Igice cya kure kibuza amavuta y'amazi kwinjira mu gikoni mu cyumba cya gazi. Utandukanya gazi yawe n'amavuta yose yo mu bwoko bwa drive-end lubricants burundu.

Impeta za Piston zikozwe mu buryo bwa Synthetic zikora ku giti cyazo

Compressor zisanzwe za gaze zikoresha cyane amavuta y'amazi kugira ngo zigabanye ubukana bw'ingufu imbere muri silinda.Kompreseri ya CO₂ ihinduranyaikuraho burundu amavuta y'amazi ikoresheje ibikoresho byo gufunga by'ubukorikori. Impeta za polymeri zihariye zigenda zigana ku nkuta za silindiri y'icyuma nta mavuta yo gusiga. Ntushobora gutwara amavuta kuko izi pfundo zumutse zikora nta mavuta yo gusiga cyangwa ibindi binyabutabire.

Uzungukira mu buryo butaziguye ku ikoranabuhanga rya polymer rigezweho ryakozwe kugira ngo ukomeze gukoresha gazi yumye:

• · Kwisiga amavuta: Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) itanga ubushobozi bwo gukururana buri hasi mu buryo busanzwe. Ibikoresho bigenda neza ku rukuta rw'imbere rw'icyuma kidakoresheje amavuta. Ubu buryo bwo gukururana buke bugabanya ubushyuhe bwo gukururana kandi bukarinda kugenda kw'uduti mu gihe cy'imikorere idahwema.
• · Ubushyuhe buhamye: Ku bijyanye n'imikorere ifatika ya compressor, PTFE igumana umutekano mu miterere y'ubushyuhe bw'akazi bwa-40 °C kugeza +180 °Cubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gusohora amazi mu byiciro bya compressor ntiburenze 135 °C.
• · Ubumuga bw'ibinyabutabire: Polima zikoze mu buryo bwa sintetike zirwanya ibitero bya shimi biva kuri aside, bases, na gaze zo mu nganda. Ibikoresho ntibingiza cyangwa ngo bisuke ibintu byanduye mu muyoboro wawe wa gaze ya dioxyde de carbone de récise.
• · Ibirungo byuzuye: Abakora bavanga imigozi ya karuboni, grafiti, cyangwa ikirahuri muri PTFE matrix. Iyi migozi yongera imbaraga zo kudashira, imbaraga zo gukanda, no gutwara ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'imizigo myinshi.
• · Impeta zo gukingira: Impeta zihariye zishyigikira impeta zoroshye zo gufunga za PTFE mu bikorwa byo gufunga bifite umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibi bice birinda ko ibikoresho bisohoka mu cyuho gito cyane iyo bikoreshejwe umuvuduko ukabije.

Ugera ku gufunga neza utiriwe ushyira umwuka wa hydrocarbon mu miyoboro y'ibicuruzwa. Impeta za piston zikozwe mu buryo bwa synthetic zirambara neza mu gihe zikomeza gufunga inkuta z'ubugari. Uyu mupaka wumye wa mekanike ubuza kwanduza peteroli aho ituruka. Utanga dioxyde de carbone nziza ku mirongo yawe y'ibikorwa buri gihe mu gihe wirinde kwanduza icyuma kiri munsi y'amazi. Byongeye kandi, gahunda zo kugenzura impeta buri gihe zigumana umusaruro mwiza mu gihe kirekire nta kwangirika gutunguranye kwa mekanike.

Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gufunga kugira ngo ribuze kwanduza

Ukeneye ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gufunga kugira ngo urinde inzira yawe yo guhumanya. Imiterere isanzwe yo gufunga yemerera kwimuka kwa peteroli no kwinjira mu kirere uko igihe kigenda gihita. Imashini zigezweho zikoresha gaze zitagira peteroli zikoresha inzitizi zo gufunga mu byiciro byinshi kugira ngo zigumishe amavuta yo mu nganda mu gikapu cya crankcase mu gihe zigumisha imyuka isuku.

Imiterere y'ikimenyetso cyo gupakira mu byiciro byinshi

Impande zombi zikora inzitizi zikomeye ku nkoni ya piston ihuza. Impeta zo gupakira zifite umuvuduko mu nzu ifunga inzira zitunganya gaze mu buryo bwizewe mugihe zirimo umuvuduko wa silindiri. Izi mpeta zihinduka mu buryo buhamye bitewe n'ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko, zigatuma gaze iguma mu cyumba cyo gukanda. Mu gihe kimwe, impeta za peteroli zihariye zishyirwa ku nkoni zikura amavuta ya crankcase mu gace ka gaze.

• · Impeta zo guhanagura amavuta zishyirwa ku nkoni ya piston zihagarika amavuta ya crankcase kwanduza gaze ya silindiri ifunze bitabangamiye amavuta ya mashini.
• · Impeta zo gukaraba zisubiza amavuta mu gikapu aho gutuma amazi asohoka agana ahantu ho gukanda.
• · Buri mpeta igabanya amavuta igenzura urugero rw'amavuta hagati y'urukuta rwa silindiri na piston, igasiga agace gato gusa mu gihe ihanagura amavuta arenze mu gihe cyose ikoze.

Ushobora gukurikirana ubuzima bw'ibipfunyika byawe ukoresheje ibikoresho bya kera byo gusuzuma ibipfunyika. Gufata ibipfunyika byangiritse bihagarika ubwandu mbere yuko byinjira mu mishinga yawe.

Kuri buriIbisobanuro bya GB/T 41099-2021 ku buryo bwo gukurikirana uburyo compressors za piston zisubiranamo, igipimo cyo gupfunyika kw'amazi mu gupakira kigomba kubahiriza imipaka yagenwe na OEM, muri rusange kigahinduka hafi47-236 L/umunota kuri buri gasanduku gapakiyehoKuguma muri iri dirishya bitanga icyizere cyo kugumana gazi mu gihe kirekire no gukora neza.

Gukuraho Gazi Idafite Umuvuduko Mwiza

Umwuka wo hanze urimo ubushuhe, ogisijeni, n'uduce duto cyane. Iyi myanda igabanya ubuziranenge bwa karubone iyo yinjiriye mu mubiri wawe. Gukuraho imyuka idafite umuvuduko mwiza bibuza imyanda yo hanze kwinjira mu muyoboro wawe wa gaze isukuye.

Ushyira azote yumye mu cyumba cyo gusukura kiri hagati mu gikoresho cyo gupakira. Iyi azote ikora imbogamizi ihoraho y'umuvuduko udahinduka. Kubera ko icyumba cyo gusukura gikomeza kugira umuvuduko mwinshi kurusha umwuka wo mu kirere n'imyobo yo mu kirere, umwuka ukoreshwa ntushobora gusohoka, kandi umwuka wo mu kirere ntushobora kwinjira.

Agasanduku ko gupakiramo gaze yo gusohora gaze gashobora gushyirwamo umwuka wo hanze ku gitutu cya0.103-0.138 MPa (15-20 psi)hejuru y'umuvuduko w'ibanze w'aho umwuka upakira/aho usohoka, n'umuvuduko w'inyuma wa sisitemu yo hanze ntibigomba kurenza0.034 MPa (5 psi)Bityo rero, kugira ngo habeho imbogamizi nziza ku byuka bitagira umwuka muriGupakira CO₂ compressor, igitutu gito cyane cyo gusukura ni 0.103 MPa (15 psi) hejuru y'igitutu cy'umwuka upakiye/umuvuduko w'amazi.

Uyu muvuduko mwiza utandukanya umwuka wa karuboni n’umwuka wawe burundu. Gusukura bikomeza gukuraho umwuka uhumanya unyura mu bintu by’ingenzi bifunga. Urinda ubushuhe bwo mu kirere kwivanga n’umuyoboro wawe w’ibikorwa, bikuraho ingese iterwa n’ubushuhe mu miyoboro yo hepfo y’amazi. Byongeye kandi, uyu muyoboro ugenzurwa urinda ibikorwa by’ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa kwandura hanze. Mu guhuza impeta zo gupakira zishyigikiwe n’umuvuduko, imashini zisya, n’imyotsi irinda umuvuduko, utuma habaho ubuziranenge bwuzuye mu gikorwa cyose cyo gukanda.

Porogaramu z'inganda n'uburyo bwo guhitamo sisitemu

Kurinda isuku mu mishinga y'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa

Ukeneye ubuziranenge buhanitse mu gihe ukandagira gazi mu binyobwa birimo karubone, mu kubika ibiryo, no mu nganda zikora ibiryo byoroheje. Kwanduza amavuta byangiza ibicuruzwa bya nyuma kandi bigateza ibibazo bikomeye ku buzima. Mu macupa y'ibinyobwa, amavuta asanzwe atera kwangirika k'ubuziranenge mu bintu bitatu by'ingenzi:

Kugira ngo hirindwe izi nenge, abashinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa bashyira mu bikorwa amahame akomeye y’ubuziranenge. Amabwiriza ya FDA asaba ko dioxyde de carbone yo mu rwego rwo hejuru y’ibinyobwa igomba kugera nibura ku kigero cya 99.9% v/v. Amabwiriza y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi arengera abaguzi binyuze mu mategeko yihariye:

• · Inyongeramusaruro E290 isobanura uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro ku mwuka wa karuboni ukoreshwa mu biribwa.
• · Amabwiriza (EC) No 1935/2004 agenzura ko uburyo bwo kubika no kohereza ibintu mu biribwa butimurira ibice by'ibiribwa.
• · Amabwiriza ya Komisiyo (EC) No 2023/2006 ategeka uburyo bwiza bwo gukora ibikoresho bikorana.

Amabwiriza y'igihugu n'inganda by'Ubushinwa akoreshwa mu gukurura no gukoresha amavuta:

• · GB/T 20322-2006 Compressor zikoreshwa mu nganda za peteroli na gaze
• · GB/T 25359-2010 Compressors zihujwe zikozwe mu mapaki zikoreshwa mu nganda za peteroli na gaze
• · Ibisobanuro bya GB/T 41099-2021 ku buryo bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo gukora compressors za piston zisubirana
• · GB/T 7777-2021 Gupima no gusuzuma uburyo ibyuma bicukura imihindagurikire y’imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga
• · GB/T 4980-2025 Kumenya urusaku rutangwa na compressors zo kwimura
• · JB/T 6428-2016 Compressor za azote zidafite amavuta zikozwe muri piston zidafite amavuta(ikubiyemo ibisabwa mu gushushanya no gukora imashini zikoresha amavuta zidafite amavuta)

Amahame mpuzamahanga y'ingenzi mu nganda:API 618 (Igitabo cya 6 cya 2024) Compressors zisubiramo serivisi z'inganda za peteroli, imiti na gaze, isobanura ibisabwa mu gufunga ibintu, gufunga ibintu bifunga umuvuduko wa piston n'ibindi bice by'ingenzi.

Uretse gushyira mu macupa, nta mavuta akoreshwaKompreseri ya CO₂ ihinduranyaishyigikira gufata karuboni, inganda zikora inzoga, gutunganya imiti, imiti n'inganda za semiconductor.

Gupima ingano ya CO₂ Reciprocating Compressor yo gukoresha mu gukora ibinyobwa

Ugomba gusuzuma ibipimo by'ingenzi bya mekanike kugira ngo uhitemo imashini ikwiye ikigo cyawe. Imiterere y'uruganda isaba guhuza neza ingano ya gazi, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko, n'amashanyarazi. Ibikoresho bigezweho bitanga imiterere itandukanye ya frame, harimo imiterere ya Z, V, W, M, na D.

Icyitonderwa: Igice cy'umuvuduko w'amaziNm³/h igenwa ku gipimo gisanzwe cya 0 °CHari ihindagurika rya 7.3% ry'amazi ugereranije n'imiterere y'ubushyuhe bwa 20°C.

Ushobora guhuza urwego rw'imikorere yawe ukoresheje imipaka isanzwe yo guhitamo:

• · Ubushobozi bwo gutemba: Sisitemu zitanga igipimo cy'amazi agera kuri 5000 Nm³/h (0 °C isanzwe), mu gihe inganda zikoresha karubone zisanzwe zikora hagati ya 100 na 150 Nm³/h (0 °C isanzwe).
• · Igitutu cy'imikorere: Umuvuduko w'ingufu uri hagati ya 0 na 0.4 MPa, mu gihe umuvuduko wo gusohora ugera kuri 3 MPa. Karubone isanzwe ikora ku rugero ruri hagati ya 0.4 na 0.6 MPa.
• · Ingufu za moteri: Ibikoresho bitwara imizigo bifite imbaraga kuva kuri 11 kW kugeza kuri 315 kW kugira ngo bishobore guhangana n’ibikenewe bitandukanye mu gutanga umusaruro.

Guhitamo CO₂ Reciprocating Compressor idafite amavuta bitanga icyizere cyo kubahiriza amahame y’ubuziranenge buri gihe.

Urinda umurongo wawe wa karuboni kwanduzwa n'amavuta wishingikirije ku nkuta z'ingenzi z'imiterere. Igice cy'intera gitandukanya impera y'imodoka. Impeta za sintetike zikora zifunga silinda nta mavuta y'amazi. Gupfuka umwuka neza bibuza umwuka hanze.

Abahanga mu by'imashini bagomba gusuzuma ibipimo byihariye mu guhitamo ibikoresho bya gaze:

Guhitamo ikidakoresha amavutaKompreseri ya CO₂ ihinduranyabitanga isuku ntarengwa, bikingira uburyohe bw'ibicuruzwa, kandi bikanatuma imikorere yabyo ikomeza igihe kirekire.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni gute compressor idafite amavuta ya CO₂ ikuraho umwanda w’amavuta?Urinda kwandura binyuze mu gutandukanya ibintu. Compressor ikoresha igice cya kure kugira ngo ikuremo crankcase irimo amavuta mu cyumba cya gaze. Impeta za piston za PTFE zikora zikoresha amavuta zigabanya umwuka nta mavuta y'amazi, zigahagarika hydrocarbon ikwirakwira aho ituruka.

Ni ibihe bipimo by'umuvuduko n'amazi bikoreshwa muri izi compressors za CO₂ zidafite amavuta zishobora kugeraho?Ushobora guhitamo imiterere ifite imbaraga zo kwinjira kuva kuri 0 kugeza kuri 0.4 MPa n'imbaraga zo gusohoka zigera kuri 3 MPa. Igipimo cy'amazi ya sisitemu kigera kuri 5000 Nm³/h (imiterere isanzwe 0 °C), ikoreshwa na moteri kuva kuri 11 kW kugeza kuri 315 kW.

Ni izihe shusho z'imiterere y'ibikoresho biboneka kuri compressors zisubirana za CO₂?Ushobora guhitamo imiterere itandukanye y’inyubako kugira ngo ijyane n’aho utuye. Imiterere y’ibishushanyo mbonera iboneka irimo ubwoko bwa Z, V, W, M, na D. Iyi miterere yakira uburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara, harimo moteri z’amashanyarazi, moteri za mazutu, na moteri za gaze karemano.

Ni gute gusukura umwuka mwiza uva mu gitutu birinda ubuziranenge bwa gazi mu buryo bw'imikorere?Ushyira azote yumye mu gikoresho cyo gupakira kugira ngo wongere umuvuduko mwiza. Izo azote zigumana umuvuduko mwinshi kurusha umwuka wo mu kirere. Iri tandukaniro ry'umuvuduko ribuza ubushuhe bwo hanze, ogisijeni, n'uduce tw'ikirere kwinjira mu muyoboro wa gaze ya dioxyde de carbone.

Ni ibihe bipimo ngenderwaho by’inganda byemeza ubuziranenge bw’izi compressor za CO₂?Ibikoresho byawe bifite icyemezo cya ISO na CE, byujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko y'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa n'inganda harimo na JB/T 6428-2016, GB/T-series, kandi byujuje ibisabwa na API 618 (2024 6th Edition). Aya mahame mpuzamahanga n'ay'imbere mu gihugu agenzura ubuziranenge bw'inganda, umutekano w'ibikoresho, n'uburyo bikora igihe kirekire kugira ngo ibiribwa, ibinyobwa, imiti n'imiti bikoreshwe mu buryo bukenewe.