Compressor ya gaz ya piston (compressor isubiranamo) yahindutse ibikoresho byingenzi mukugabanya gazi yinganda bitewe n’umuvuduko ukabije w’umuvuduko, kugenzura byoroshye, no kwizerwa bidasanzwe. Iyi ngingo irasobanura neza ibyiza byabo bya tekiniki muburyo butandukanye bwo guhagarika gazi, ishingiye kumahame yimiterere.
I. Igishushanyo mbonera
Imikorere ya compressor ya piston ikomoka kuri sisitemu igizwe neza neza, harimo ibice byingenzi bikurikira:
1. Inteko-ikomeye ya Cylinder Inteko
Yubatswe mu byuma, ibyuma bivangwa, cyangwa ibikoresho byabugenewe kugirango bihangane kwangirika kwigihe kirekire biva mubitangazamakuru bikaze nka gaze ya aside (urugero, H₂S) na ogisijeni yumuvuduko mwinshi.
Imiyoboro ikonjesha amazi / amavuta kugirango ikemure neza ihindagurika ryubushyuhe buterwa na gaze (urugero, ubukonje buke bwa hydrogène, reaction ya ammonia).
2. Inteko ya Piston-Ibikoresho byinshi
Ikamba rya Piston: Guhitamo ibikoresho bijyanye na chimie ya gaze - urugero, 316L ibyuma bitagira umuyonga wa sulferi irimo gaze ya ruswa irwanya ruswa, ibumba rya ceramic kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa CO₂.
Sisitemu yo gufunga impeta: Koresha grafite, PTFE, cyangwa ibyuma bifunga kashe kugirango wirinde kumeneka imyuka yumuvuduko mwinshi (urugero, helium, metani), byemeza gukora neza ≥92%.
3. Sisitemu Yubwenge Bwubwenge
Guhindura muburyo bwo gufata / gusohora valve igihe no kuzamura kugirango habeho ubwinshi bwa gaze hamwe nigipimo cyo kwikuramo (urugero, azote kuri 1.5: 1 kugeza hydrogène kuri 15: 1).
Isahani irwanya umunaniro wihanganira gusiganwa ku magare menshi (≥1,200 cycle / umunota), ikagura intera yo kubungabunga ahantu hashobora gutwikwa / guturika.
4. Igice cyo Guhagarika Moderi
Shyigikira ibintu byoroshye kuva kuri 2 kugeza kuri 6 byogusunika, hamwe numuvuduko wicyiciro kimwe kugeza kuri 40-2250, ugahuza ibikenewe bitandukanye kuva mububiko bwa gaze ya inert (urugero, argon) kugeza kanda ya syngas (urugero, CO + H₂).
Ihuza ryihuse ryihuta rituma uburyo bwo gukonjesha bwihuse bushingiye ku bwoko bwa gaze (urugero, gukonjesha amazi kuri acetylene, gukonjesha amavuta kuri Freon).
II. Ibyiza bya gazi yinganda
1. Guhuza Itangazamakuru ryuzuye
Imyuka yangirika: Ibikoresho byongerewe imbaraga (urugero, silinderi ya Hastelloy, titanium alloy piston inkoni) hamwe no gukomera hejuru byemeza ko biramba mubidukikije bikungahaye kuri sulfure na halogene.
Imyuka Yera-Yuzuye: Amavuta adafite amavuta hamwe na filteri ya ultra-precision igera kuri ISO 8573-1 Isuku yo mu cyiciro cya 0 isuku ya azote yo mu rwego rwa elegitoronike na ogisijeni yo kwa muganga.
Imyuka yaka / iturika: Yubahiriza ibyemezo bya ATEX / IECEx, ifite ibikoresho byo guhagarika ikirere hamwe n’umuvuduko w’umuvuduko ukabije wo gukoresha hydrogene, ogisijeni, CNG, na LPG.
2. Ubushobozi bwo Gukoresha Imikorere
Umuyoboro mugari: Imiyoboro ihindagurika-yumurongo noguhindura amajwi ituma umurongo ugenzura umurongo (30% –100%), bikwiranye nigihe gito (urugero, kugarura ibimera biva mumashanyarazi) hamwe no gutanga ibintu (urugero, ibice bitandukanya ikirere).
Igenzura ryubwenge: Igizwe na gaze igizwe na sensor-auto-hindura ibipimo (urugero, ibipimo byubushyuhe, igipimo cyamavuta) kugirango wirinde imikorere mibi iterwa nihinduka ryumutungo wa gaze gitunguranye.
3. Ikiguzi cyubuzima bwiza
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gufata neza: Ikintu cyingenzi cyigihe cyo kubaho cyongerewe na> 50% (urugero, amasaha 100.000 yo gufata neza crankshaft intera intera), kugabanya igihe cyo gutembera mubidukikije.
Gukwirakwiza ingufu: Gukata umurongo ujyanye na gaze yihariye ya adiabatic (k-gaciro) igera kuri 15% - 30% yo kuzigama ingufu ugereranije nicyitegererezo gisanzwe. Ingero zirimo:
Umwuka ucanye: Imbaraga zihariye ≤5.2 kW / (m³ / min)
Kongera ingufu za gaze karemano: Gukoresha Isothermal ≥75%
III. Ibyingenzi Byinganda
1. Imyuka isanzwe yinganda (Oxygene / Azote / Argon)
Mu gukora ibyuma bya metallurgie no gukora semiconductor, ibishushanyo bitarimo amavuta hamwe na molekile ya sikeli nyuma yo kuvurwa byemeza ko 99,999% byera mubisabwa nko gukingira ibyuma bishongeshejwe no guhimba wafer.
2. Imyuka yingufu (Hydrogen / Syngas)
Kwiyunvisha ibyiciro byinshi (bigera kuri 300 bar) bifatanije na sisitemu yo guhagarika ibisasu bitwara neza hydrogène na monoxyde de carbone mububiko bwingufu hamwe na synthesis.
3. Imyuka yangiza (CO₂ / H₂S)
Ibisubizo byihariye birwanya ruswa-urugero, urugero rwa tungsten karbide hamwe na lisansi irwanya aside-bikemura ibibazo bikungahaye kuri sulfure, nubushyuhe bwinshi cyane mu kongera amavuta no gufata karubone.
4. Imyuka ya elegitoroniki yihariye (Ifumbire ya Fluorine)
Ubwubatsi bwuzuye hamwe na helium mass-spectrometer gutahura (igipimo cyo kumeneka <1 × 10⁻⁶ Pa · m³ / s) bituma habaho gucunga neza imyuka yangiza nka tungsten hexafluoride (WF₆) na azote trifluoride (NF₃) mu nganda zifotora na IC.
IV. Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rishya
Sisitemu ya Twin Sisitemu: Igihe nyacyo cyo kwerekana amakuru yerekana kwambara piston impeta no kunanirwa na valve, bigafasha kumenyesha amezi 3-6 mbere.
Icyatsi kibisi Kwishyira hamwe: Ibice bigarura ubushyuhe bihindura 70% yubushyuhe bwo guhunika mumashanyarazi cyangwa amashanyarazi, bigashyigikira intego yo kutabogama kwa karubone.
Ultra-High-Pressure Breakthroughs: Tekinoroji ya silinderi yabanje guhangayikishwa igera kumurongo umwe wo kwikuramo> 600 bar muri laboratoire, bigatanga inzira yo kubika hydrogène no gutwara.
Umwanzuro
Compressor ya gaz ya piston, hamwe nuburyo bwububiko bwububiko hamwe nubushobozi bwo kuyitunganya, itanga ibisubizo byizewe byo gutunganya gazi yinganda. Kuva muri compression isanzwe kugeza kumiterere-idasanzwe ya gazi yihariye, gutezimbere imiterere itanga umutekano, gukora neza, kandi bikoresha neza.
Kubisobanuro byo guhitamo compressor cyangwa raporo yo kwemeza tekinike ijyanye nibitangazamakuru bya gaze, nyamuneka hamagara itsinda ryacu ryubwubatsi.
Inyandiko za tekiniki:
Amakuru yakomotse kuri ISO 1217, API 618, nibindi bipimo ngenderwaho mpuzamahanga.
Imikorere nyayo irashobora gutandukana gato bitewe na gaze hamwe nibidukikije.
Ibikoresho byabigenewe bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza yumutekano waho kubikoresho bidasanzwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-10-2025