Compressor ya Diaphragm: Amahirwe no Gukura muguhuza Hydrogen Sitasiyo Yagutse

Mu myaka yashize, ingufu za hydrogène zongeye kugaragara nk'ingingo ikomeye mu rwego rushya rw'ingufu. Inganda za hydrogène zashyizwe ku rutonde nk’imwe mu nganda zingenzi zigaragara mu iterambere ry’iterambere, hamwe n’imirenge nkibikoresho bishya n’imiti mishya. Raporo ishimangira ko ari ngombwa guteza imbere moteri nshya y’iterambere, harimo gukora bio-nganda, icyogajuru cy’ubucuruzi, n’ubukungu bwo mu butumburuke buke, mu gihe hashyizwe imbere mu buryo bwihuse iterambere ry’inganda za hydrogène ku nshuro ya mbere. Ibi bishimangira imbaraga nini zingufu za hydrogen.

Kugeza ubu, hydrogène ishingiye ku makara yiganje mu itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa, bingana na 64%, ikurikirwa na hydrogène ikomoka ku nganda (21%), hydrogène ishingiye kuri gaze gasanzwe (14%), n’ubundi buryo (1%). Ibi biragaragaza ko ingufu za hydrogène zishingiye ku bicanwa biva mu kirere bifite umwanya wa 99%, mu gihe “hydrogène hydrogène” ishingiye kuri electrolysis hamwe n’ubundi buryo bikomeza kuba buke. Kubera iyo mpamvu, sitasiyo ya hydrogène iriho ubu ifata cyane cyane uburyo bukurikira bwo kubika-kubika-ubwikorezi: Isosiyete ikora peteroli mu turere twa kure itanga hydrogène ivuye mu bicanwa biva mu kirere, ikabuza hydrogène y’umuvuduko ukabije (ubusanzwe ~ 1.5MPa) ikagera kuri ~ 20MPa ikoresheje compressor, ikayibika muri romoruki 22MPa. Hydrogen noneho ijyanwa kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi, aho ikorerwa compression ya kabiri kugeza 45MPa kubinyabiziga bitwara lisansi. Iyi moderi yacitsemo ibice yongerera amafaranga ubwikorezi, ibikoresho bikoreshwa, hamwe nigihe cyo gukoresha, mugihe bisigaye bikumirwa n’ibicuruzwa biva mu kirere biva mu musaruro wa “hydrogen hydrogen”. 

Byongeye kandi, nkuko amategeko abiteganya, hydrogène ishyirwa mubikorwa nkimiti yaka kandi iturika. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imishinga yo kubyara hydrogène yibanda cyane muri parike yimiti ya kure ifite umutekano muke nibidukikije.

Hamwe niterambere rya tekinoroji ya electrolysis, igiciro cyumusaruro wa hydrogène yicyatsi ugenda ugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Icyarimwe, politiki y’ibidukikije nka "carbone peaking na carbone kutabogama" itera hydrogène yicyatsi kuba icyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere rya gaze. Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu giteganya ko mu 2030, tekinoroji ya hydrogène ya hydrogène nkeya nka electrolysis izaba ifite 14% by'isoko rya hydrogène, bikagira ingaruka zikomeye ku miterere ya sitasiyo. Umusaruro ushingiye kuri Electrolysis, hamwe nubworozi bworoshye kandi bworoshye, butanga umusaruro wa hydrogène urenze parike gakondo. Kwiyunvira mu buryo butaziguye kuri hydrogène yo gutwika ibinyabiziga bikuraho ubwikorezi burebure no kwikuramo kabiri, bikagabanya neza ibiciro byubukungu nigihe.

Kugira ngo uhuze n’ibisanzwe bikomoka kuri peteroli ishingiye kuri hydrogène itanga, ubwoko bubiri bwa compressor ya diafragm yiganje ku isoko: 1) Ibice byuzuza hydrogène hamwe n’umuvuduko wo gufata ~ 1.5MPa hamwe n’umuvuduko wo gusohora 20-22MPa; 2) Amavuta ya compressor ya sitasiyo hamwe na 5-20MPa yumuvuduko wo gufata hamwe na 45MPa yumuvuduko. Nyamara, iyi nzira ibyiciro bibiri isaba guhuza ibikorwa byombi. Byongeye kandi, iyo igitutu cya hydrogène yububiko bwa silinderi kigabanutse munsi ya 5MPa, compressor ya lisansi iba idakorwa, bigatuma igipimo cyo gukoresha hydrogène gike.

Ibinyuranye, sitasiyo ya hydrogène ikomatanya-sitasiyo yerekana imikorere myiza. Muri ubu buryo, hydrogène iva muri electrolysis irashobora guhagarikwa kuva kuri ~ 1.5MPa kugeza 45MPa ukoresheje compressor imwe ya diafragm, bikagabanya cyane ibikoresho nibiciro byigihe. Umuvuduko wo hasi wibipimo (1.5MPa na 5MPa) nabyo bitezimbere cyane ikoreshwa rya hydrogène.  

Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rya electrolysis rigenda ritera imbere, sitasiyo ya hydrogène ihuriweho biteganijwe ko izaguka cyane, bigatuma isoko rya 1.5MPa-45MPa compressor ya diafragm. Isosiyete yacu ifite igishushanyo mbonera nubushobozi bwo gukora kugirango itange ibisubizo byihariye kuriyi porogaramu. Hamwe nubwiyongere bukabije bwumusaruro wa hydrogène wicyatsi, sitasiyo ihuriweho iteganijwe kwiyongera, ikagura ibyifuzo byogusohora diaphragm compressor hamwe nibicuruzwa byacu mugihe dutanga ibisubizo bishya bya lisansi.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, imbogamizi ziracyakomeza mugutezimbere hydrogène ihuriweho hamwe na compressor zijyanye nayo, harimo ikiguzi kinini cya electrolysis, ibyiciro bya hydrogène byangiza imiti, nibikorwa remezo bya hydrogène bituzuye. Gukemura neza ibyo bibazo bizaba ingenzi mugutezimbere ingufu za hydrogène.