Compressor za Diaphragm: Amahirwe n'Iterambere mu Kwaguka kwa Sitasiyo za Hydrogen Integrated

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ingufu za hydrogen zongeye kugaragara nk'ingingo y'ingenzi mu rwego rushya rw'ingufu. Inganda za hydrogen zashyizwe ku rutonde rw'inganda zikomeye zigamije iterambere, hamwe n'izindi nzego nk'ibikoresho bishya n'imiti mishya. Raporo zishimangira ko ari ngombwa guteza imbere moteri nshya zikura, harimo inganda zikora ibikomoka ku binyabuzima, indege z'ubucuruzi, n'ubukungu buri mu misozi miremire, mu gihe zishyira imbere kwihutisha iterambere ry'inganda za hydrogen ku nshuro ya mbere. Ibi bigaragaza ubushobozi bunini bw'ingufu za hydrogen.

Muri iki gihe, umusaruro wa hydrogen ushingiye ku makara ni wo wiganje mu miterere y’ibicuruzwa, ugizwe na 64%, ugakurikirwa na hydrogen y’inganda (21%), hydrogen ishingiye kuri gaze karemano (14%), n’ubundi buryo (1%). Ibi bigaragaza ko umusaruro wa hydrogen ushingiye ku mavuta y’ibikomoka ku bimera ufite ubwiganze busesuye kuri 99%, mu gihe "hydrogen y’icyatsi kibisi" ishingiye kuri electrolysis n’ubundi buryo buracyari buke. Kubera iyo mpamvu, sitasiyo zo kongeramo hydrogen ubu zikoresha cyane cyane uburyo bukurikira bwo gutunganya no kubika no gutwara: Ibigo bya peteroli mu turere twa kure bikora hydrogen ivuye muri lisansi, bigakanda hydrogen ifite umuvuduko muto (ubusanzwe ~ 1.5MPa) kugeza ~ 20MPa hakoreshejwe compressors, hanyuma bikabikwa muri 22MPa tube trailers. Hydrogen ijyanwa muri sitasiyo zo kongeramo lisansi, aho ishyirwa kuri 45MPa ku binyabiziga bya lisansi. Ubu buryo bwo gucikamo ibice butuma ikiguzi cyo gutwara, amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikoresho, n’igihe gikoreshwa, mu gihe bikomeza kugorwa no gukora "hydrogen y’imvi" ishingiye kuri lisansi. 

Byongeye kandi, hakurikijwe amabwiriza ariho ubu, hydrogen ishyirwa mu cyiciro cy’ibinyabutabire bishobora gushya kandi bigaturika. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imishinga yo gukora hydrogen yibanda cyane cyane mu bidukikije bya shimi biri kure bifite ibisabwa bikomeye mu mutekano no mu bidukikije.

Bitewe n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gutunganya amashanyarazi, ikiguzi cyo gukora hydrogen y’icyatsi kibisi kirimo kugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Muri icyo gihe, politiki zo kurengera ibidukikije nko "kugera ku gasongero ka karuboni no kutagira aho karuboni" zirimo gutuma hydrogen y’icyatsi kibisi iba icyerekezo cy’ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ingufu zikomoka ku byuka mu gihe kizaza. Ikigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ingufu giteganya ko mu 2030, ikoranabuhanga rya hydrogen ikoresha hydrogen nke nka electrolysis rizaba rigize 14% by’isoko rya hydrogen, rikagira ingaruka zikomeye ku miterere ya sitasiyo zo kongeramo lisansi. Umusaruro ushingiye kuri electrolysis, hamwe n’ibiryo byoroshye kandi biboneka, utuma hydrogen ikorwa uretse pariki gakondo z’ibinyabutabire. Gukanda hydrogen ikorerwa aho hantu mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo imodoka zikore lisansi bikuraho gutwara imodoka kure no gukanda lisansi, bigabanya neza ikiguzi cy’ubukungu n’igihe.

Kugira ngo bihuze n'uruhererekane rw'ibikomoka kuri hydrogen rukoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza lisansi, ubwoko bubiri bwa pressure za diaphragm ni bwo bwiganje ku isoko: 1) Ibikoresho byuzuza hydrogen bifite umuvuduko wa ~1.5MPa n'umuvuduko wa 20-22MPa; 2) Ibikoresho byo kongeramo lisansi bifite umuvuduko wa 5-20MPa n'umuvuduko wa 45MPa. Ariko, iyi gahunda y'ibice bibiri isaba imikorere ihuriweho y'ibice byombi. Byongeye kandi, iyo umuvuduko wa silindiri yo kubika hydrogen ugabanutse munsi ya 5MPa, compressors zo kongeramo lisansi ntizikora, bigatuma igipimo cyo gukoresha hydrogen kiba gito.

Mu buryo bunyuranye, ahantu ho gushyiramo lisansi hifashishijwe hydrogen bigaragaza ubushobozi buhanitse. Muri ubu buryo, hydrogen iva muri electrolysis ishobora gukandamizwa kuva kuri ~1.5MPa kugeza kuri 45MPa hakoreshejwe compressor imwe ya diaphragm, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho n'igihe. Igipimo cyo hasi cy'umuvuduko w'amazi (1.5MPa ugereranyije na 5MPa) nacyo kirushaho kunoza ikoreshwa rya hydrogen.  

Uko ikoranabuhanga rya electrolysis rigenda ritera imbere, sitasiyo za hydrogen zihujwe zitezweho kwiyongera, bigatuma isoko rikenera compressors za diaphragm 1.5MPa kugeza kuri 45MPa. Isosiyete yacu ifite ubushobozi bwo gushushanya no gukora ibikoresho bitandukanye kugira ngo itange ibisubizo byihariye kuri iyi gahunda. Bitewe n'uko umusaruro wa hydrogen ukomeje kwiyongera, sitasiyo zihujwe ziteganijwe kwiyongera, zikongera amahirwe yo gukoresha compressors za diaphragm ndetse n'ibicuruzwa byacu mu gihe dutanga ibisubizo bishya byo kongeramo lisansi.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, haracyari imbogamizi mu guteza imbere sitasiyo za hydrogen hamwe na kompreseri zijyanye nazo, harimo ibiciro biri hejuru by'amashanyarazi, gushyira mu byiciro imiti ihumanya ya hydrogen, ndetse n'ibikorwaremezo bya hydrogen bitaratunganywa. Gukemura ibi bibazo neza bizaba ingenzi mu guteza imbere sisitemu z'ingufu za hydrogen.